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Jean Desbouvrie
Jean Desbouvrie (c.1840–47 – ?)〔See ''The Zoologist'' below: an 1889 report stated that Desbouvrie began keeping swallows when he was eleven and had raised them for over 30 years. That places his birthdate at or somewhat before 1847.〕 was a French amateur bird trainer who believed that swallows could be put to use for military communications. During the late 19th century Desbouvrie persuaded the government of France to conduct a study on the feasibility of using swallows as messengers. His early demonstrations showed that swallows could exhibit homing behavior and that when they did so they flew much faster than homing pigeons. Desbouvrie also succeeded in curbing the birds' natural migratory behavior. After obtaining authorization from the government for follow-up testing, Desbouvrie delayed and did not follow through with rigorous experimentation.
Desbouvrie received international attention in the press for two unrelated reasons: the bird experiments, and also for a proposal he made to the Paris Academy of Medicine. The Academy published his paper, which declared chronic alcoholism to be a serious public health problem and offered a solution in the form of a claimed cure for hangovers. Desbouvrie hypothesized that the consumption of food which contained an appropriate balance of fat and albumen would prevent hangovers from occurring. He sent the Academy a selection of homemade chocolates along with his manuscript, with assurances that he had tested the concoction extensively upon himself.
== Youth ==
Jean Desbouvrie was raised in a village near Roubaix where he worked as a messenger for his father. During his youth he had an avid interest in birds and was determined to disprove general belief that swallows were impossible to tame, so from the age of eleven onward he robbed nests between his work deliveries.〔 Over time he managed to get a dozen swallows to follow him. According to a report published in 1889, "They would fly round his head and perch on his shoulders in the open street."〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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